Knowde Enhanced TDS
Identification & Functionality
- Animal Feed & Nutrition Functions
- Technologies
Features & Benefits
- Animal Feed & Nutrition Features
- Features
- Improves calcium and phosphorus metabolism
- Improves eggshell quality
- Increases the number of saleable eggs
- Improves fertility
- Improves FCR
- Improves piglet vitality and litter homogeneity
- Helps to reach 500 eggs per hen housed
- Shortens parturition time
- Benefits
Panbonis® is a complementary feed that contains a standardized level of 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol- glycosides (1,25(OH)2D3-gly) from dried and ground Solanum glaucophyllum leaves. After harvesting, the leaves are dried, packed, and shipped to Herbonis. At arrival, the leaves are stored and ground close to the production date. Each batch is analyzed for the level of 1,25(OH)2D3-equivalents via our in-house optimized analytical procedures. After standardization of the active ingredient level, each batch of the final product is analyzed and sanitized before dispatch.
Herbonis cultivates its own variety of Solanum glaucophyllum (waxy-leaf nightshade) to being able to control the full supply chain. This plant is one of the few that produce the source of the bioactive form of vitamin D3 in glycosidic form. Herbonis has obtained exclusivity for the use of this cultivated Solanum glaucophyllum variety, with a constant high level of the active ingredient in its leaves, almost entirely in glycosidic form. 1,25(OH)2D3-gly can only be absorbed after the sugar molecule is released from 1,25(OH)2D3 by specific enzymes that are present in the intestine. This gradual process ensures a slow release of the bioactive component. Once absorbed, it does not need additional activation steps like vitamin D3 or 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) do, which means that Panbonis ® can directly support the animal‘s metabolism even when specific activation enzymes in liver and kidney are limited.- Supports the crucial role of vitamin D3
- 100% Natural
- GMO-free
- Standardized content of the active ingredient
- Gradually absorbed from the intestine
- Considered a complementary feed in the EU
- High processing and storage stability
- Special Benefits
In the intestine, the sugar molecule is cleaved from 1,25(OH)2D3-gly. Thereby, the free molecule becomes gradually available for absorption, and unlike its precursors – vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 – it does not need additional enzymatic activation steps in the liver and/or kidneys. Once the biological task is completed, 1,25(OH)2D3 is quickly inactivated and excreted. 1,25(OH)2D3 does not pass into animal products. Figure 2 shows how the pharmacokinetics of 1,25(OH)2D3-gly are different from the free 1,25(OH)2D3, most notably in the delay in response time and the prolonged release, which are related to cleaving the glycoside bond before absorption. Glycosylation also increases the safety margin and shelf life of Panbonis® compared to free 1,25(OH)2D3.
Applications & Uses
- Markets
- How to Use
Heat stable during feed processing (expanding, pelleting and expandingpelleting)
Dosage:
The general dosage is 50 - 200 g of Panbonis® 10 per metric ton of feed, providing 0,5 - 2 μg of 1,25(OH)2D3 -equivalents/ kg of feed. Because it is supplied in addition to the usual supplementation level of vitamin D3, there is no need to adjust the premix.
It should be used on top of recommended vitamin D3 sources.
The recommended application of Panbonis® 10 and Panbonis® 20 for different animal categories (in addition to the legislative maximum inclusion levels of vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 is given in the table below:
Poultry Panbonis® 20 Meat producing poultry Broiler 25 - 50 g/MT Turkey (phase 1 till 4) 25 - 50 g/MT Egg producing poultry
Pullets 50 g/MT Laying hens 50 g/MT Breeding hens 50 g/MT Swine Panbonis® 20 General dose range: 25 - 100 g/MT Recommendation for pigs: Piglets / Grower / finisher 25 - 50 g/MT Gestating sows and Lactating sows 40 - 50 g/MT Boars 50 g/MT
Properties
- Typical Properties
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Particle size: (>90 % between 0.05 – 1.6 mm) | 0.2 | mm |
Technical Details & Test Data
- Technical Details
Vitamin D3 Metabolism
Vitamin D3 is one of 13 known vitamins. It is formed in the skin when exposed to sunlight. Besides, it is usually added to the diet via premixes to prevent vitamin D3 deficiencies. Vitamin D3 needs two enzymatic activation steps in the body before it becomes metabolically active. During the first step that takes place in the liver, 25(OH)D3 is formed by the enzyme 25-hydroxylase. 25(OH)D3 is the storage form of vitamin D3. It‘s content in blood can be used to determine vitamin D3 status in the body. However, at this point, 25(OH)D3 is not yet bioactive and it needs another activation step into 1,25(OH)2D3 by the enzyme 1α-hydroxylase, which mainly takes place in the kidneys. These activation processes are quite efficient when the liver and kidneys function properly. However, they can be compromised in case of inflammations, mycotoxicosis (which can affect both liver and kidney metabolism), or other metabolic disorders, resulting in a secondary vitamin D3 deficiency. Moreover, in old laying hens and fast-growing modern broilers, there are indications that the 1α-hydroxylase activity in the kidneys is too low for efficient activation of 25(OH)D3. In such conditions, vitamin D3 status can be directly supported by adding the natural 1,25(OH)2D3-gly to the feed. After removing the sugar molecule in the intestinal tract, the free 1,25(OH)2D3 is absorbed and can directly support the metabolic effects of vitamin D3. Excess of 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 is enzymatically degraded by 24-hydroxylase and excreted as calcitroic acid via bile in the intestinal lumen. Figure 1 shows a simplified representation of vitamin D3 metabolism and regulation.
Vitamin D3 (metabolites) in animal feed
The following three vitamin D3 metabolites can be used to supplement animal feed:
1. Vitamin D3- the most common source
2. 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3)- either produced in a chemical process or through fermentation
3. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-glycosides (1,25(OH)2D3-gly)- an entirely natural source of the bioactive form of vitamin D3 Some characteristics of the vitamin D3 and its metabolites, as used in animal nutrition, are summarized in Table 1.Vitamin D3 25(OH)D3 Panbonis® Structure
Principal molecule Vitamin D3 25(OH)D3 1,25(OH)2D3-gly
Solubility Fat-soluble Fat-soluble Water-soluble Biological task Basic form Storage form Glycosides of
the bioactive
moleculeEnzymatic v 2 steps: In liver and kidney 1 step: In kidney No activation
needed: Cleavage
of glycosides
in the intestine
Packaging & Availability
- Packaging Type
- Packaging
Packaging: 20 kg bags
Available for organic production as Panbonis®Green
Storage & Handling
- Shelf Life
24 months, when stored in a dry place at room temperature