Knowde Enhanced TDS
Identification & Functionality
- Ingredient Name
- Pharma & Nutraceuticals Functions
- Ingredients
- Fish Oil
- Technologies
- Biology
Pharma Marine’s LipidMarine™ product range is based on mainly fish oil from sardine and anchovy. These fishes are small, form large schools and are prey for a high variety of other species. In Latin countries, these small fishes with intense taste are known as bluefish and are very appreciated for their nutritional properties.
Atlantic sardines (Sardina pilchardus) are fish with a size up to 25 cm, living close to the coast at 25-55 meters depth at the North Atlantic European and African coast. They eat zooplankton and larger organisms and have a high growth rate, with 90% of their maximum size in the first year. Sardines have a relatively long life compared with their size, as they live 10-12 years and reach reproductive maturity at 1-2 years. They can lay 400,000 eggs per year depending on the conditions. Sardines are one of the most important species for the canning industry, and the generation of by-products is a problem solved by the production of fish meal and fish oil. Peruvian anchovy or anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) is one of the most important fish resources in the world. It is a pelagic fish living at 80 km of the coast of Peru and Chile at 50 meters depth. There they feed by filtration of the rich plankton present in that area of the Pacific Ocean. They can reach a size of 20 cm, maturity after 1 year and have a lifespan of 3 years.
The Peruvian anchovy has a strong dependence on the El Niño phenomenon, with sharp decreases in the number of captures in the years it is taking place. Actually, there have been peaks of more than 10 million tons and decreases to less than 2 million tons. Besides the Peruvian anchovy, the European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) is also used in some LipidMarine™ products. This fish is present in the European and North African coasts, Mediterranean and the Black Sea. They live close to the coast at 300-400 meters, forming big schools. They eat mainly zooplankton by filtration. As in the case of anchoveta, they reach maturity with 1 year and have a lifespan of 3 years. They can produce 200,000 eggs and the season for spawning is long, starting in April and ending in November. The differences in the habitat and food can give differences in fatty acid profiles compared with the Peruvian anchovy. Despite their short life, anchovies have a diet more adaptable than sardines and are less vulnerable to environmental conditions.
Features & Benefits
- Labeling Claims
- Food Ingredients Features
- Health Benefits
Omega-3 – For all stages of life
Throughout your life, your body needs the essential omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA. There are more than 30,000 published studies on omega-3s, making them some of the most studied nutrients in the world. The scientific literature describes several conditions where the intake of EPA and DHA are positively associated with health from the development of the fetus to older ages.Omega-3- contains EPA and DHA - two very important long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. EPA and DHA are vital nutrients that help every cell in our body function in an optimal way. The heart, brain, eyes, muscles and joints all rely on Omega-3 to operate correctly. Each cell in our body is a special functional unit that needs to get nutrients in and waste products out. EPA and DHA help ensure such efficient and flexible transport. Our bodies do not efficiently produce EPA and DHA, so we have to obtain it through our diet. Seafood is our main source of EPA and DHA but a supplement of marine Omega-3 is a good alternative if you do not eat enough fatty fish. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has made recommendations regarding daily intake of EPA and DHA to help consumers better understand the health benefits of these fatty acids.Omega-3 intake has further been associated with:
- Reducing symptoms of ADHD
- Mood regulation
- Improving cognition and working memory
- Decreasing the likelihood of preterm birth
- Improving the function of joints
- Depressing inflammation and enhancing immune response
- Generally supporting for healthy aging
The European Food Safety Authority has approved health claims for:
- Maintenance of normal heart function, blood pressure and blood triglyceride level
- Maintenance of normal brain function
- Maintenance of normal vision
- Normal development of the brain, eye and vision of the fetus and breastfed infants
Cardiovascular Health
The cardiovascular system is the engine of our body. It must maintain complicated interactions and fuel a set of cells and organs year after year. Still, the cardiovascular system does not necessarily give you important early signs of deterioration; stiff and calcified arteries with fat deposits, a gradual increase in blood pressure, in the blood level of unhealthy fats, or in shortness of breath. EPA and DHA are scientifically proven to contribute to the normal function of the heart, normal blood pressure and to the normal blood level of triglycerides. Consuming recommended doses of EPA and DHA is an easy way to contribute to the maintenance of a healthy heart and circulation. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommends a daily intake of 250 milligrams of EPA and DHA to contribute to a normal function of the heart, 2 grams EPA and DHA to maintain a normal blood triglyceride level and 3 grams of EPA and DHA to maintain normal blood pressure.
Brain Health
DHA is one of the major building blocks of the brain and is critical for optimal brain activity and function at all ages of life. Two types of cells - neurons and glia cells - are responsible for sending and processing signals so that we can function intellectually, operate the central nerve system and move our bodies. Both cell types are dependent upon flexible membranes where EPA and DHA play important roles. DHA also contributes to effective communication between the vast numbers of neurons. Research has shown that omega-3s have an impact on cognitive function and memory, symptoms of depression, ADHD, and recovery from traumatic brain injuries. EFSA recommend a daily intake of 250 mg of DHA to contribute to the maintenance of normal brain function.
Eye Health
The development, maintenance and preservation of vision are vital for all individuals. Even if new technology now easily can replace lenses, it cannot do the same with important components of the retina. The retina is the light-sensitive layer of cells in the back of the eye that contributes to creating an image of what you see – like film in a camera. The retina has receptors for light and nerve cells that send signals to the brain for interpretation of the light signals. The relation to DHA is that we find - and the cells need - high concentrations of DHA in the retina for adequate vision in dim light and at night. The highly unsaturated nature of DHA has unique effects on retinal cell membranes allowing them to transmit light signals very quickly. A number of studies have confirmed that DHA contributes to the maintenance of normal vision and EFSA recommend a daily intake of 250 mg of DHA to attain this.
Maternal And Childhood Development
Pregnancy is an important period in life. An amazing event takes place in the body- a fully developed baby is created out of two merged cells. All information of how and when cells and organs of different functions and appearances will develop lies in our DNA. However, this development also depends upon the mother and the nutrition she delivers to the fetus. The mother-to-be should start consuming both EPA and DHA before conception. This is to provide her body with the best possible supplies and storage for the upcoming pregnancy. It is scientifically substantiated that maternal intake of DHA both during pregnancy and breastfeeding contribute to normal fetal development of the brain, eye and vision.EFSA recommend pregnant and lactating women to have a daily intake of 200 mg DHA, in addition to the recommended daily intake of EPA and DHA for adults, i.e. 250 mg EPA and DHA, to contribute to the normal development of the brain, eye and vision of the fetus and breastfed infants.
Joint Health
Moving around, bending your arms, using your fingers or twisting your neck means that more than 300 smaller and larger joints are in function and under pressure. In a joint, two bones come together, creating a connection between them. To enable the optimal function of such a connection, cartilage surrounds ends of the bones while the presence of fluid acts as grease to reduce friction. Joints must sustain different conditions from heavy physical strains, vigorous activity and stress to infections and impaired immune function. Despite such varied conditions, they must operate smoothly and precisely to preserve flexibility and to prevent stiffness and pain. Different cell types and fluid containing soluble compounds make sure that the joint can do so- day by day.If low grade inflammation persists over time, severe pain - and chronic arthritis - may develop if left untreated. By its anti-inflammatory effect omega-3 may counteract loss of collagen and deterioration of cartilage. When you know that cartilage has very limited capacity to heal itself or to regenerate, the use of omega-3 to preserve cartilage and inhibit inflammation becomes very important.OMEGA-6:OMEGA-3 Balance And InflammationThe ratio between omega-6 and omega-3 is an indicator of the type of fatty acids that you have in your body. In many countries, it has been reported omega-6 to omega-3 balances as high as 20:1 while the ideal index should be max. 5:1.Studies have shown that people have gradually changed their consumption of types of fatty acids by such as consuming more fast food and less fish. Popular fatty acid sources like cultivated vegetables contain a lot of omega-6 in their oils and seeds. In addition, omega-6 is frequently put in animal feed increasing the content in meat and eggs.
The balance reflects the state of the body; a high index implies that much more omega-6 than omega-3 is built into our cell membranes. This is unfavorable because it makes the cell membranes less flexible and does not allow optimal traffic of nutrients, transport of signal molecules or waste elimination. As a consequence, a high index is associated with an increased risk for developing a disease, for example, cardiovascular disease, diabetes 2 and chronic inflammatory diseases.
On the other hand - if the index is low, due to a high intake of omega-3, the body reflects the opposite; the omega-3 rich cell membranes will be flexible and healthy. Compounds acting anti-inflammatory, preventing blood clotting and positively influence the heart rhythm as well as relaxing the muscle layer in the arteries will be more easily formed. All these effects are favorable for your body- and maintain the body in a healthy – and not stressed state. Remember to keep your omega-6:omega-3 index at an optimal level by consuming enough EPA and DHA.- Sustainability
LipidMarine™ is produced from mainly sardine and anchovy – small oily fish with natural high content of omega-3 stored in the tissue.It is in Pharma Marine’s nature to use sustainable resources as raw materials. Leif Kjetil (the founder of Pharma Marine™) was taught the importance of utilizing every part of the fish by his parents who had again learned it from their parents. Nothing should be thrown away because everything can be used. So when Pharma Marine™ was launching a premium quality fish oil, it was important that the crude oil was sourced from a Friend of the Sea certified fishery.Anchovy and sardine are traditionally used in production of fish oil and fish meal and the production can be done from direct caught, by-catch or by-products. They represent 76% of the global use of fish not used directly for human consumption. It is estimated that 36% of fish meal in the world is produced from fish by-products. This is a trend that has been increasing in the last years and continues growing, giving a better use of the fish resources and decreasing the waste generation.Sardines and anchovies are small fishes which are generally feed for larger species, but are compensated by their high reproductive rate. They are a very important part of the diet both for the ecosystems and for the human population. These types of fish have a naturally high level of omega-3. The content of EPA & DHA varies according to what they eat, as for all species, because the fish do not produce omega-3, but accumulate it from plankton.To secure sustainability, it is important to have control of by-catch and that the stocks are not overexploited to secure that there always will be resources available for the coming generations. The fisheries of sardines and anchovy are regulated by quotas decided by the authorities in the various countries.
- Sustainability
Sustainability is all about respecting nature and safeguarding that there will be resources available for future generations. There are organizations that certify independent fisheries and the industries related to the use of particular species as raw materials. Pharma Marines’ LipidMarine™ products are certified by Friend of the Sea. This is a non-profit organization whose mission is the conservation of marine habitat. The products and their origins are audited onsite by independent international certification bodies.
Friend of the Sea is present worldwide and more than 300 companies have their products certified to prove that the origin of their products is produced from sustainable fisheries. To be certified by Friends of the Sea means - amongst other things - that the fisheries will not overexploit the fish stock, have a low limit for discarding fish remains as well as clear rules for waste management. When using the Friends of the Sea certification you are contributing to the health of oceans by assessing and promoting sustainable fishing practices. This is a clear preference and basic philosophy of Pharma Marine™.
- Health Effects
Omega-3- contains EPA and DHA - two very important long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. EPA and DHA are vital nutrients that help every cell in our body function in an optimal way.
The heart, brain, eyes, muscles and joints all rely on Omega-3 to operate correctly. Each cell in our body is a special functional unit that needs to get nutrients in and waste products out. EPA and DHA help ensure such efficient and flexible transport. Our bodies do not efficiently produce EPA and DHA, so we have to obtain them through our diet. Seafood is our main source of EPA and DHA but a supplement of marine Omega-3 is a good alternative if you do not eat enough fatty fish. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has made recommendations regarding daily intake of EPA and DHA to help consumers better understand the health benefits of these fatty acids.
Applications & Uses
- Markets
- Applications
- Food & Nutrition Applications