Knowde Enhanced TDS
Identification & Functionality
- Chemical Family
- Cosmetic Ingredients Functions
- Technologies
- Product Families
Features & Benefits
- Benefit Claims
- Labeling Claims
- Key Attributes
-
_x0001_
- Low solution viscosity _x0001_
- Excellent film former _x0001_
- High Tg acrylic polymer _x0001_
- Hydrophobically modified _x0001_
- Hydrolytically stable _x0001_
- Fine atomization in low VOC hair sprays with water _x0001_
- Rapid drying _x0001_
- Use in high solids formulas _x0001_
- Propellant compatible _x0001_
- Non-tacky _x0001_
- Good holding – even in soft, natural hair sprays _x0001_
- Excellent aerosol stability _x0001_
- Easy shampoo removability _x0001_
- Innovative product capabilities _x0001_
- Useful in a wide range of styling aids such as mousses, styling creams, and setting lotions
Applications & Uses
- Markets
- Applications
- Hair Care Applications
- Suggested Use Level
- 2 - 8% (Aerosol hair spray), 2 - 10% (Non-aerosol hair spray)
- Formulation Guidelines
Solubility
As supplied, Balance® 47 polymer is soluble in ethanol and isopropanol but insoluble in water. The polymer becomes water soluble when neutralized 80%-100% with suitable bases such as AMP (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol). When neutralized, Balance® 47 polymer is also soluble in alcohol- water blends and can be easily washed off the hair with shampoo. Typical usage levels are 2-10%.
Neutralization
Balance® 47 polymer is carboxylated and must be neutralized with a suitable alkaline material in the formulation. AMP is recommended, although other neutralizers can be used. For example, neutralization the inorganic neutralizers such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, can produce a stiffer film on the hair, while still making the polymer easily shampoo removable.
For those low VOC hair sprays containing water, the recommended neutralization level will depend on the water content of the formula. In both 80% VOC and 55% VOC hair sprays containing water, it is recommended that Balance® 47 polymer be neutralized 80% with AMP; aqueous, alcohol-free systems require 95% to 100% neutralization to achieve suitable water solubility. The final formulation pH of a Balance® 47 polymer containing hair spray should fall within a pH range of 8.0-9.0.
To neutralize the carboxyl groups in Balance® 47 polymer, the amount of base required can be determined by the following relationship:
B = (W * A* N * E)/1000
Where:
B = weight of base needed (grams)
W = weight of Balance® 47 polymer used
A = acidity of polymer taken from the certificate of analysis or (use average acidity of 2.5)
N = % neutralization required (decimal)
E = equivalent weight of baseExample: To neutralize 25 grams of Balance® 47 polymer, 80% with AMP
B = (25 x 2.5 x 0.80 x 89.14)/1000 = 4.457 grams
W = 25 grams
A = 2.5 (average acidity)
N = 0.90
E = 89.14 g/molNote: Depending upon the polymer used, it may be necessary in quality control to consider the alkalinity of the polymer in titrations to determine percent neutralization.
- Recommended Applications
Balance® 47 polymer can be used in a wide variety of hair fixative formulations, and is particularly suited to low VOC (80% VOC to alcohol-free) hair spray formulations.
Regulatory & Compliance
- Certifications & Compliance
Technical Details & Test Data
- Compatibility
Additives
The formulator may wish to use various additives to either enhance on-hair properties or for marketing claims. Balance® 47 polymer is compatible with a wide variety of anionic and nonionic additives such as silicones, proteins, esters, and other commonly used additives. Due to its amphoteric character, the compatibility of Balance® 47 polymer with cationic additives will depend on quantity, type, pH, and charge density.
To further reduce particle size and minimize the foaming tendency of low VOC hair sprays containing Balance® 47 polymer, the formulator may wish to evaluate use of the following additives (the use of these additives is described in U.S. Patent 5,599,524): Hexamethyl disiloxane, Bisphenyl hexamethicone, Isocetyl alcohol.
Propellant
As supplied, Balance® 47 polymer is soluble in ethanol and isopropanol but insoluble in water. The polymer becomes water soluble when neutralized 80%-100% with suitable bases such as AMP (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol). When neutralized, Balance® 47 polymer is also soluble in alcohol- water blends and can be easily washed off the hair with shampoo. Typical usage levels are 2-10%.
Important note: Balance® 47 polymer is incompatible in some high propellant hair spray systems. Product stability and suitability should be confirmed in all respects by doing appropriate stability and robustness testing. For questions and recommendations, contact one of our regional office.
Other polymers
Balance® 47 polymer is compatible with a variety of other polymers. Polymer blends can be used successfully to modify properties of Balance® 47 polymer in hair care products..
- Performance Properties
Hair Spray
Sprays with Balance® 47 polymer, the formulator has a unique tool in creating innovative products in low VOCcompliant hair sprays to reduce overall impact of water on the hair. Due to its exceptionally low viscosity in aqueous and aqueous–alcoholic systems, Balance® 47 polymer can be formulated at much higher than typical use levels. A restricted valve orifice can then be used to deliver to the hair what would amount to amore “normal” resin deposition – to produce more “normal” holding properties.
Reduced spray rates resulting from restricted valve orifice deliver less water to the hair and release less VOCs into the atmosphere per actuation interval. Thus, through use of Balance® 47 polymer, the formulator can mitigate the impact of water in hair spray through reduction in the “initial curl droop of the hair” produced by water. Since less VOCs are emitted per actuation, lower VOC compliance can be achieved while formulating at higher VOC content.
Viscocity
As supplied, Balance® 47 polymer is soluble in ethanol and isopropanol but insoluble in water. The polymer becomes water soluble when neutralized 80%-100% with suitable bases such as AMP (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol). When neutralized, Balance® 47 polymer is also soluble in alcohol-water blends and can be easily washed off the hair with shampoo. Typical usage levels are 2.0-10.0%.
_x0001_ _x0001__x0001_
_x0001__x0001__x0001_ _x0001__x0001_Solution Viscosity* (cps) _x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001_ _x0001__x0001_Balance® 47 polymer _x0001__x0001__x0001_4 _x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001_ _x0001_Commercial acrylate _x0001__x0001__x0001_109 _x0001__x0001_*RV Brookfield/spindle 21/50 RPM/10% solution in wate
Migration of a resin droplet along the hair shaft is a critical factor in imparting stiffness and set to the hair. It can also impact the feel and gloss of the hair. In low VOC systems, water increases viscosity and restricts droplet flow down the hair shaft. However, use of the low viscosity Balance® 47 polymer allows droplets to migrate down the hair shaft more quickly. Using UV pulsing laser microscopy, the following droplet flow rates were determined on hair. Droplet size was fixed at 550 + 30 microns. Sprays were delivered from 80% VOC aerosols containing water.
_x0001_ _x0001__x0001_
_x0001__x0001__x0001_ _x0001__x0001_Resin _x0001__x0001__x0001_Viscocity _x0001__x0001__x0001_% Solids _x0001__x0001__x0001_Flow Rate (mm/sec) _x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001_ _x0001__x0001_Commercial A _x0001__x0001__x0001_High _x0001__x0001__x0001_5 _x0001__x0001__x0001_3.2 _x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001_ _x0001__x0001_Commercial B _x0001__x0001__x0001_Medium _x0001__x0001__x0001_5 _x0001__x0001__x0001_4.0 _x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001_ _x0001__x0001_Balance® 47 polymer _x0001__x0001__x0001_Low _x0001__x0001__x0001_5 _x0001__x0001__x0001_7.1 _x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001__x0001_ _x0001_Balance® 47 polymer _x0001__x0001__x0001_Low _x0001__x0001__x0001_8 _x0001__x0001__x0001_3.2 _x0001__x0001_Preparation of hair spray concentrates
The preparation of the aerosol concentrates should be carried out according to the procedure outlined in the following example:
-
_x0001_
- Charge the mixing vessel with the required amount of alcohol _x0001_
- Start agitation _x0001_
- Add resin slowly – so that no accumulation of resin occurs on the surface _x0001_
- After all the resin is added, slowly add the neutralizing agent (If KOH, add as 10% solution in alcohol)* _x0001_
- Continue mixing until all the resin is in solution _x0001_
- Add the rest of the ingredients in the formulation _x0001_
- Filter the concentrate down through 5-10 micron cartridge filters before filling the aerosol containers.
* Alcohol temperature dramatically affects solution rate. It is generally suggested that alcohol temperature be 15-20°C. Concentrates of up to 20% neutralized resin in alcohol may be prepared. Care should be taken that the viscosity of the concentrate is suited to the aerosol packing machinery involved.
Hair sprays covering the entire spectrum of VOC levels can be prepared with Balance® 47 polymer.
Packaging & Availability
- Country Availability
- Regional Availability
Storage & Handling
- Storage Conditions
Balance® 47 polymer is supplied as a white powder. Some settling will occur in the drums duringshipping. Balance® 47 polymer can be stored under normal conditions without undergoing decomposition. When not in use, the drums should be kept covered to prevent dust accumulation and moisture pick-up.