- Functions:Whitening Agent, Antioxidant
- Benefit Claims:Skin Whitening, Antioxidant Properties
Pine tree is conifer widely growing in Asia, Europe and America and all parts of it are versatile in our life. The leaves have been used as not only ingredients of tea, liquor, or juice but also medicine for reducing inflammation, pain and skin disease. Furthermore, the leaves contain terpenoids, flavonoids and powerful anti-oxidant, protoanthocyanin, so they are excellently effective on removing free radicals. Vitimin C in the leaves is known as a skin-whitening substance, needless to say as to its anti-oxidant effect. According to 'Bonchogangmok', pine pollen have efficacy in stopping bleeding and enforcing heart and lung. Nowadays, it has been reported that it has anti-inflammatory effect as a result of supressed expression of MMP, which is induced by NO, TNF-α and IL-1β.