Knowde Enhanced TDS
Identification & Functionality
- Chemical Family
- Polymer Name
- Plastics & Elastomers Functions
- Technologies
Applications & Uses
- Applications
- Plastics & Elastomers End Uses
- Plastics & Elastomers Processing Methods
- Bed Springs Application Data
Details
Arnitel® has broad portfolio in shore D hardness (38D-74D). So the parts can be molded in a different stiffness/ hardness for different zones of the bed.Benefits
- Arnitel® TPC allows for more design freedom, since due to high flow injection moldable viscosity grades, complex designs can be molded easily
- Arnitel® TPC allow for reliable solutions due to high flexibility in various temperature regimes, excellent colourability and color stability
- Non-Pneumatic Wheel for Industrial Equipment Application Data
Details
Application requirements Long service life & high performance High load bearing Cost efficient vs thermoset alternatives (Rubber and Urethanes) Material properties High load bearing capability, creep resistant Excellent fatigue resistant Tear & abarasion resistant High impact strength Consistent performance in all climate conditions High peak temperature resistanceBenefits
- Enables airless design, eliminating down time and labor for flat tire service
- Extended service life: 2-3x longer than traditional pneumatic tires
- High load performance and flex fatigue endurance
- Non-Pneumatic Wheel for Automotive Application Data
Details
Application requirements Long service life & high performance High load bearing Cost efficient vs thermoset alternatives (Rubber and Urethanes) Material properties High load bearing capability, creep resistant Excellent fatigue resistant Tear & abarasion resistant High impact strength Consistent performance in all climate conditions High peak temperature resistanceBenefits
- Enables airless design, eliminating down time and labor for flat tire service
- Extended service life: 2-3x longer than traditional pneumatic tires
- High load performance and flex fatigue endurance
- Support Springs Application Data
Details
Low creep flexing solution for slats and mattresses, creating ultimate sleep comfort by changing durometer per section of your bed.
Benefits
- Arnitel® has high creep resistance
- Arnitel® offers a wide range of flexible products, creating the ultimate solution
- Arnitel® offers easy processing, creating design flexibility
- Cosmetic Dispensers Application Data
Details
Arnitel® is used in Cosmetic Dispensers and has a proven history of use in both food and non-food dispensers with retention of re-spring.Benefits
- Arnitel® allows for good elasticity and low hysteresis, resulting in good spring characteristics
- Arnitel® offers good colorability with a stable white base color
- Cavity number tooling can be used without issues due to the high flow of Arnitel®
- Soap Dispensers Application Data
Details
Arnitel® is used in generic soap dispensers without the need for a metal spring.Benefits
- Arnitel® offers good elasticity and low hysteresis, resulting in good spring characteristics
- No metal spring required in dispenser with Arnitel®
- Arnitel® has good colorability with a stable white base color
- Railway Pads Application Data
Details
Arnitel® is a thermoplastic co-polyester with a very high temperature resistance. Arnitel® ECO TPC is a biobased alternative.Benefits
- Arnitel® TPC allows for cost effective solutions since it yields thermoplastic processing advantages over rubber, resulting in faster cycle times in compraison with other TPE's
- Arnitel® TPC allows for reliable solutions due to its high abrasion resistance, excellent load bearing capacity, great fatigue, and environmental resistance and due to a very consistent performance over temperature ranges from -55°C (-67°F) to +150°C (+300°F) and longest lifetime to failure as compared to any other rubber or class of TPE's used in this application
Properties
- Mechanical Properties
- Thermal Properties
- Other Properties
- Mechanical Properties (TPE)
- Rheological Properties
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength (at +23°C) | N | kJ/m² | ISO 179/1eA |
| Charpy Notched Impact Strength (at -30°C) | N | kJ/m² | ISO 179/1eA |
| Izod Notched Impact Strength (at +23°C) | N | kJ/m² | ISO 180/1A |
| Izod Notched Impact Strength (at -30°C) | N | kJ/m² | ISO 180/1A |
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Melting Temperature (10°C/min) | 220 | °C | ISO 11357-1/-3 |
| Temperature of Deflection Under Load (0.45 MPa) | 65 | °C | ISO 75-1/-2 |
| Vicat Softening Temperature (50°C/h 10N) | 189 | °C | ISO 306 |
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Density | 1200 | kg/m³ | ISO 1183 |
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Tensile Modulus | 135 | MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Stress at 5% strain | 6 | MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Stress at 10% strain | 9.2 | MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Stress at 50% strain | 13.2 | MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Stress at 100% strain | 14.4 | MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Stress at Break | 21 | MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Nominal Strain at Break | 350 | % | ISO 527-1/-2 |
| Tear Strength | 94 | kN/m | ISO 34-1; Method B |
| Shore D Hardness (3s) | 45 | — | ISO 868 |
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Melt Volume-Flow Rate (at 230 / * °C, 2.16 / * kg) | 39 | cm³/10min | ISO 1133 |
| Molding Shrinkage (parallel) | 1.6 | % | Sim. to ISO 294-4 |
| Molding Shrinkage (normal) | 1.8 | % | Sim. to ISO 294-4 |
Regulatory & Compliance
- Certifications & Compliance
Technical Details & Test Data
- Machinery for Injection Molding
Arnitel® grades can be processed on general injection molding machines.
Screw Geometry- Typically 3-zone screw designs with volumetric compression ratios of approximately 2.5 work fine.
Steel Type
- Abrasive resistant tool steels which are normally used for glass and/or mineral reinforced materials are also to be used for Arnitel® polymers in tools, nozzles and screws.
Nozzle Temperature Control
- The use of an open nozzle with good temperature control and an independently-controlled thermocouple nearby the tip and heater bands with sufficient output is recommended.
Hot Runner Layout
- Try to achieve a close contact with your hot runner supplier and Envalior as the material supplier, to be sure that the right hot runner system is chosen.
- When processing Arnitel® with hot runners, keep in mind these basic rules:
- Central bushing heated separately
- Only use external heated system
- Manifold heated from both sides
- Tip with thermocouple in front (near gate)
- Very accurate temperature control in the gate area
- Chemical Resistance
Chemical Type Chemical Name Resistance Other Acetic acid (10% by mass) at 23°C resistant Ketones Acetone at 23°C resistant Other Ammonium hydroxide (10% by mass) at 23°C limited resistant, tests necessary to verify Other ASTM 1 at 23°C resistant Other ASTM 3 at 23°C resistant Other Brake fluids (DOT 3/4) at 23°C not resistant Other Calcium chloride (10% by mass) at 23°C limited resistant, tests necessary to verify Other Chloroform at 23°C not resistant Ethers Diethyl ether at 23°C limited resistant, tests necessary to verify Alcohols Ethanol at 23°C limited resistant, tests necessary to verify Other Ethyl Acetate at 23°C limited resistant, tests necessary to verify Other Fuel; Diesel at 85°C resistant Other Hydrochloric acid (10% by mass) at 23°C resistant Other Hydrogen peroxide (30% by mass) at 23°C limited resistant, tests necessary to verify Other Nitric acid (10% by mass) at 23°C resistant Other Phosphoric acid (10% by mass) at 23°C resistant Other Sodium hydroxide (10% by mass) at 23°C resistant Other Sulfuric acid (30% by mass) at 23°C resistant Other Tetrachloroethylene at 23°C limited resistant, tests necessary to verify Hydrocarbons Toluene at 23°C resistant Other Transformer oil at 23°C not resistant Other Trichloroethylene at 23°C not resistant Other Water at 23°C resistant Other Zinc chloride (10% by mass) at 23°C resistant - Stress-Strain
- Stress-Strain (TPE)
- Temperature Settings For Injection Molding
Mold Temperature
- Arnitel® can be used with a wide range of tool temperatures (20 - 50°C / 68 - 122°F). However, to achieve optimal mechanical properties and stable dimensional parts, it is recommended to apply a tooling temperature at the higher side (50°C / 122°F).
- In case the molded part tends to stick to the mold, a lower mold temperature can contribute to a better part release.
Barrel Temperature
- The given temperature settings are general for Arnitel®. Optimal settings are governed by barrel size and residence time.
- Additionally, a higher hardness and higher melting point of the Arnitel®, requires a barrel temperature at the higher side.
Mold/Tool Measured melt Nozzle Front Center Rear 20-50°C
68-122°F230-250°C
446-482°F230-250°C
446-482°F220-240°C
428-464°F210-230°C
410-446°F200-220°C
392-428°FMelt Temperature
- To generate a good and homogeneous melt, the melt temperature should always be above 230°C / 446°F.. Optimal mechanical properties will be achieved at melt temperatures between 230-250°C / 446-482°F.
- We advise to frequently measure the melt temperature by pouring the melt in a Teflon cup and inserting a thermo probe into the melt.
Hot Runner Temperature
- A hot runner temperature set to the same level as the nozzle temperature should work fine and not lead to excessive overheat of the Arnitel® grade. When starting up, an increased tip temperature may be necessary to overcome a frozen nozzle.
- General Processing Settings For Injection Molding
Screw Rotation Speed
- To realize a good and homogeneous melt, it is advised to set a screw rotation speed resulting in a plasticizing time that is just within the cooling time.
- The rotational speed of the screw should not exceed 6500 / D RPM (where D is the screw diameter in mm).
Back Pressure
- Back pressure should be between 30-100 bars effective. Keep it low in order to prevent nozzle-drooling, excessive shear heating and long plasticizing times.
Decompression
- In order to prevent nozzle drool after plasticizing and retracting the nozzle from the mold, a short decompression stroke can be used. However, to prevent oxidation of the melt, which may result in surface defects on the parts, it is recommended to keep this as short as possible.
Injection Speed
- Moderate to high injection speeds are required in order to prevent premature crystallization in the mold during injection phase and to obtain a better surface finish. Adequate mold venting is required to avoid burning at the end of the flow path (due to diesel effect).
Injection Pressure
- The real injection pressure is the result of the flowability of the material (crystallization rate, flow length, wall thickness, filling speed). The set injection pressure should be high enough to maintain the set injection speed (use set injection pressure higher than the peak pressure if possible). Tooling air vents must be effective to allow optimum filling pressure and prevent burn marks.
Holding Time
- Effective holding time is determined by part thickness and gate size. Holding time should be maintained until a constant product weight is achieved.
Holding Pressure
- The most adequate holding pressure is the level whereby no sinkmarks or flash are visible. A too high holding pressure can lead to stresses in the part.
Cooling Time
- Actual cooling time will depend on part geometry and dimensional quality requirements as well as the tool design (gate size).
Ejection of The Part
- In view of Arnitel®'s flexibility (particularly the softer types) specific attention has to be given to the mold release. Furthermore the surface of the ejection pins should be large enough to prevent damage or deformation of the part.
- Melt Residence Time For Injection Molding
The optimal Melt Residence Time (MRT) for Arnitel® PL461 is ≤ 5 minutes with preferably at least 50% of the maximal shot volume used. The MRT should not exceed 6 minutes.
A formula to estimate the MRT is described below:
𝑀𝑅𝑇 = (∏D³ρ/m) * (t/60)
Whereas:
MRT = Melt Residence Time [minutes]
D = Screw Diameter [cm]
p = Melt Density [g/cm3)
m = Shot Weight [g]
t = Cycle Time [s]
Please note: In the calculation above, the hotrunner volume has not been taken into account. When a hotrunner is part of the setup, please add the hotrunner volume to the calculation.- Startup/Shut Down/Cleaning For Injection Molding
- Production has to be started and stopped with a clean machine. Cleaning can be done with Arnitel® PL461, applicable cleaning agents or HDPE. Hot runners can also be cleaned and put out of production cleaning them with Arnitel® PL461.
- Production Breaks For Injection Molding
- During production breaks longer than a few minutes, we advise emptying the barrel. The temperature of the barrel and the hot runner [if applicable) should be reduced to a level far enough below the melting point of the compound in order to stop decomposition of the compound.
- When the hot runner, nozzle, or even the screw is blocked, be aware that under these conditions a sudden outburst of molten material can take place. Always wear personal safety protections for hand/eye/body.
Packaging & Availability
- Packaging Type
Storage & Handling
- Material Handling For Injection Molding
Storage
- In order to prevent moisture pick up and contamination, supplied packaging should be kept closed and undamaged. For the same reason, partial bags should be sealed before re-storage.
- Allow the material that has been stored elsewhere to adapt to the temperature in the processing room while keeping the bag closed.
Packaging
- Arnitel® grades are supplied in airtight, moisture-proof packaging.
Moisture Content as Delivered
- Arnitel® grades are packaged at a moisture level ≤ 0.05 w%.
Conditioning Before Molding
- To prevent moisture condensing on granules, bring cold granules up to ambient temperature in the molding shop while keeping the packaging closed.
Moisture Content Before Molding
- Arnitel® is delivered at molding moisture specification (≤ 0.05 w%). We advise to pre-dry to overcome the fluctuation from package to package (see drying section below). Furthermore, pre-drying is required in case the material is exposed to moisture before molding (prolonged storage or open/damaged packaging).Moisture content can be checked by water evaporation methods or manometric methods (ISO 15512).
Drying
- Arnitel® grades are hygroscopic and absorb moisture from the air relatively quickly. Moisture absorption is fully reversible under the following drying conditions without compromising material quality. Preferred driers are dehumidified driers with dew points maintained between -30 and -40°C / -22 and -40°F. Vacuum driers with N₂ purge can also be used. Hot air ovens or hopper driers are not suitable for pre-drying Arnitel® grades; the use of such driers may result in non-optimum performance.
Moisture content Time Temperature [%] [h] [°c] [°F] <0.05
and as delivered3-4 100 212 >0.05-0.2 4-6 100 212 Regrind
- Regrind can be used taking into account that this regrind must be clean/low dust content/not thermally degraded/dry, of same composition and similar particle size as the original material. The acceptable level of regrind depends on the application requirements (e.g. UL Yellow Card). Be aware that regrind can cause some small color deviations.