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Identification & Functionality
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Features & Benefits
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- Maintains strength and stiffness to 500°F (260°C)
- Minimal expansion rate to 500°F (260°C)
- Excellent wear resistance in bearing grades
- Able to endure harsh thermal, chemical and stress conditions
With its versatile performance capabilities and proven use in a broad range of applications, Duratron® polyamide-imide (PAI) shapes are offered in extruded, injection molded, and compression molded grades.
Duratron® PAI is the highest performing, melt processable plastic. It has superior resistance to elevated temperatures. It is capable of performing under severe stress conditions at continuous temperatures to 500°F (260°C). Parts machined from Duratron® stock shapes provide greater compressive strength and higher impact resistance than most advanced engineering plastics.
Duratron® PAI's extremely low coefficient of linear thermal expansion and high creep resistance deliver excellent dimensional stability over its entire service range. Duratron® PAI is an amorphous material with a Tg (glass transition temperature) of 537°F (280°C). Duratron® PAI stock shapes are post-cured using procedures developed jointly by BP Amoco and Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials. This eliminates the need for additional curing by the end user in most situations. A post-curing cycle is sometimes recommended for components fabricated from extruded shapes where optimization of chemical resistance and/or wear performance is required.
For large shapes or custom geometries like tubular bar, compression molded Duratron® PAI shapes offer designers the greatest economy and flexibility. Another benefit of selecting a compression molded grade is that resins are cured, or "imidized" prior to molding which eliminates the need to post-cure shapes or parts fabricated from compression molded shapes.
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Properties
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| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Tensile Strength | 110 | MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 (7) |
| Tensile Strain (Elongation) at Break | 5 | % | ISO 527-1/-2 (7) |
| Tensile Modulus of Elasticity | 5500 | MPa | ISO 527-1/-2 (9) |
| Compressive Stress (1 / 2 / 5 % Nominal Strain) | 39/72/ 130 | MPa | ISO 604 (10) |
| Charpy Impact Strength (Unnotched) | 45 | kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eU |
| Charpy Impact Strength (Notched) | 4 | kJ/m² | ISO 179-1/1eA |
| Flexural Strength | 155 | MPa | ISO 178 (12) |
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Glass Transition Temperature (DMA, Tan Delta) | 280 | °C | DMA |
| Thermal Conductivity (23°C) | 0.54 | W/(K.m) | — |
| Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion (23 - 60°C) | 35 | µm/(m.K) | — |
| Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion (23 - 100°C) | 35 | µm/(m.K) | — |
| Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion (min. 150°C) | 40 | µm/(m.K) | — |
| Heat Deflection Temperature (Method A: 1.8 MPa (264 PSI)) | 280 | °C | ISO 75-1/-2 |
| Continuous Allowable Service Temperature in Air (20.000 hrs) (3) | 250 | °C | — |
| Minimum Service Temperature (4) | -50 | °C | — |
| Flammability (3 mm) (5) | V-0 | — | UL 94 |
| Flammability (Oxygen Index) | 44 | % | ISO 4589-1/-2 |
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Volume Resistivity | 10000000000000 | Ohm.cm | IEC 62631-3-1 |
| Surface Resistivity | 10000000000000 | Ohm/sq. | ANSI/ESD STM 11.11 |
| Dielectric Constant (1 MHz) | 5.4 | — | IEC 62631-2-1 |
| Dissipation Factor (1 MHz) | 0.042 | — | IEC 62631-2-1 |
| Value | Units | Test Method / Conditions | |
| Density | 1.45 | g/cm³ | ISO 1183-1 |
| Water Absorption (After 24h Immersion in Water of 23°C) | 0.3 | % | ISO 62 (16) |
| Water Absorption (At Saturation in Water of 23 °C) | 3.8 | % | — |
| Wear Rate | 1 | µm/km | ISO 7148-2 (18) |
| Dynamic Coefficient of Friction | 0.25 - 0.4 | — | ISO 7148-2 (18) |
| Limiting PV (0.1/1 m/s Cylindrical Sleeve Bearings) | 1.10/0.69 | Mpa.m/s | — |
Regulatory & Compliance
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Technical Details & Test Data
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As Duratron® PAI has a relatively high moisture absorption rate (see Figure 24), parts used in high-temperature service or made to tight tolerances should be kept dry prior to installation. Thermal shock resulting in deformation can occur if moisture-laden parts are rapidly exposed to temperatures above 400°F (205°C).
- Note
- Thermal Properties - The figures given for these properties are for the most part derived from raw material supplier data and other publications.
- (2) Values for this property are only given here for amorphous materials and for materials that do not show a melting temperature (PBI, PAI & PI). DMA settings, oscillation amplitude of 0.20 mm; a frequency of 1 Hz; heating rate of 2°C/min
- (3) Temperature resistance over a period of min. 20,000 hours. After this period of time, there is a decrease in tensile strength – measured at 23 °C – of about 50 % as compared with the original value. The temperature value given here is thus based on the thermal-oxidative degradation which takes place and causes a reduction in properties. Note, however, that the maximum allowable service temperature depends in many cases essentially on the duration and the magnitude of the mechanical stresses to which the material is subjected.
- (4) Impact strength decreasing with decreasing temperature, the minimum allowable service temperature is practically mainly determined by the extent to which the material is subjected to impact. The value given here is based on unfavorable impact conditions and may consequently not be considered as being the absolute practical limit.
- (5) These estimated ratings, derived from raw material supplier data and other publications, are not intended to reflect hazards presented by the material under actual fire conditions. There is no ‘UL File Number’ available for these stock shapes.
- Mechanical Properties - Most of the figures given for the mechanical properties are average values of tests run on dry test specimens machined out of rods 40-60 mm when available, else out of plate 10-20mm. All tests are done at room temperature (23° / 73°F)
- (7) Test speed: either 5 mm/min or 50 mm/min [chosen acc. to ISO 10350-1 as a function of the ductile behavior of the material (tough or brittle)] using type 1B tensile bars
- (8) Test speed: either 0.2"/min or 2"/min or [chosen as a function of the ductile behavior of the material (brittle or tough)] using Type 1 tensile bars
- (9) Test speed: 1 mm/min, using type 1B tensile bars
- (10) Test specimens: cylinders Ø 8 mm x 16 mm, test speed 1 mm/min
- (11) Test specimens: cylinders Ø 0.5" x 1", or square 0.5" x 1", test speed 0.05"/min
- (12) Test specimens: bars 4 mm (thickness) x 10 mm x 80 mm; test speed: 2 mm/min; span: 64 mm.
- (13) Test specimens: bars 0.25" (thickness) x 0.5" x 5"; test speed: 0.11"/min; span: 4"
- (14) Measured on 10 mm, 0.4" thick test specimens.
- (15) Electrode configuration: Ø 25 / Ø 75 mm coaxial cylinders; in transformer oil according to IEC 60296 ; 1 mm thick test specimens.
- (16) Measured on disks Ø 50 mm x 3 mm.
- (17) Measured on 1/8" thick x 2" diameter or square
- (18) Test procedure similar to Test Method A: “Pin-on-disk” as described in ISO 7148-2, Load 3MPa, sliding velocity= 0,33 m/s, mating plate steel Ra= 0.7-0.9 μm, tested at 23°C, 50%RH.
- (19) Test using journal bearing system, 200 hrs, 118 ft/min, 42 PSI, steel shaft roughness 16±2 RMS micro inches with Hardness Brinell of 180-200
- (20) Test using Plastic Thrust Washer rotating against steel, 20 ft/min and 250 PSI, Stationary steel washer roughness 16±2 RMS micro inches with Rockwell C 20-24
- (21) Test using Plastic Thrust Washer rotating against steel, Step by step increase pressure, Test ends when plastic begins to deform or if temperature increases to 300°F.